Descriptive text added to images that screen readers and search engines use to understand image content. Good alt text describes content and purpose, not just its appearance — “Team celebrating product launch” is better than “people in office.” Framer lets you add alt text directly in the image properties panel. See How to add Alt Tags to images.

Assistive software that converts on-screen content into speech or braille for people with visual impairments. Good screen-reader support requires htmlsemantic HTML, proper heading structure, and clear labels. Testing with screen readers helps catch accessibility issues early.

A navigation element showing the user’s location within a site hierarchy, typically displayed as a trail of linked page names. Breadcrumbs improve navigation by helping users understand site structure and quickly jump to parent sections. They also benefit SEO by helping search engines understand page relationships and providing rich snippet opportunities.

The arrangement of elements to show their order of importance through size, color, contrast, and position. Strong hierarchy guides users through content in the intended order and highlights key actions. Squint at your design—hierarchy issues become obvious when details blur.